Bài hát: The Poverty - BBC

Hello, I’m Rob
]Welcome to 6 Minute English.
With me today is Harry,
Hello, Harry!
Hello, Rob!
Well, in this program,
]We’re talking about wealth.
The world is getting richer, Harry.
Really, how come?
Well, recording to recent data,
The number of people living in extreme poverty
has halved in recent decade.
More people own a car
,and a mobile phone.
So, that’s all very good news
More people can have a good standard of living
Standard of living is what we call
The a mount of money and quality of life
People have in a particular of society.
People in general
May have a better life
But there’s still a lot of inequality
In different countries
Inequality- in other words
Some people have a lot of money
And opportunities
And other just don’t
So, individual governments have to find a way
Of reducing this inequality,
To allow more people
To have the opportunity to improve their lives
Yes, in this program,
We’re talking about the gap
Between rich and poor
And you’ll learn some words
Which will help you discuss this topic
Or read about it in the news.
And now our quiz, Harry
Ah, the legendary quiz!
I’m ready!
Good! Right.
A recent report by Oxfam and Credit Suisse
revealed how divided you all are
When it comes to wealth.
A lot of the wealth in the world
Is in the hands of very few people
That’s what I’m going to ask you about today, Harry
How much of the global wealth is owned
By the richest 1%?
Is it
A – 38%. B- 48% or C – 58%
Well, it’s also 1% of the population
So I would have to guess
The lower one, 38%
Surely they can’t earn more than that
Well, we’ll see if you got the right answer
At the end of the program
Now, let’s talk about rich and poor
As we said
Experts have concluded that
more people are living better
when you look at the world as whole,
but in individual countries,
you can find people
with hardly anything to eat
and others with lots of houses, cars
land and so on...
so, Rob, how can this situation be reversed?
Well, David Bryer from Oxfam
mentions a country which has achieved some success
in trying to make the poor less poor
He’s talking about Brazil
Listen to what Bryer says
And tell me what’re the two words he uses
meaning ‘the least money people are paid
for the work they do’?
There are examples we can look to
where countries are managing to reduce the gap
between the super-rich and the rest.
Brazil has historically very high levels of economic inequality.
And they've been taking just some really sensible measures
–measures around having more progressive tax,
around investing in a higher minimum wage,
]investing in central public services,
you know, these things that all governments can do
that start reversing this tide.
So, David Bryer talks about a ‘minimum wage’.
That’s the least a worker receives
in payment for work they’ve done.
He meant that if people are paid
A higher minimum wage,
they can eat better,
seek a better education
and their children can have a better job
in the future.
They can be lifted out of poverty.
And the economy can grow.
More people with more money
buy more things
and factories produce more.
A factory which produces more
will more workers.
So, more job for all.
Right!
Another measure by Brazilian government
[03:20.34]which is mentioned
[03:21.06]by the representative from Oxfam
[03:22.89]how to do with tax
[03:24.62]Tax is the amount of money
you pay to the government
depending on your salary
and the cost of things you buy.
But you have to admit this, Rob
:taxes are not popular.
That’s true.
Many people don’t like paying tax
because they don’t receive
an immediate benefit from it.
Some very rich people
try to pay as least as possible.
But one billionaire
who thinks it’s important to pay
and create conditions for governments
to fight poverty is Bill Gate.
The founder of Microsoft earned a lot of money,
retired and, with his wife, Melinda,
created a foundation to help the poor.
The BBC asked him
what the very rich have to do
to help reduce poverty
let’s listen to his answer.
What does he say rich people have to be?
The word is an adjective.
]Well, their obligation of course is to pay their taxes,
but our advice to them is
that they all look at taking their wealth
and being philanthropic
- both in their own country
and to help the global poorest.
That's a full-time work Melinda and I do,
we find it very fulfilling,
we love seeing the progress.
So rich people have to be
PHILANTHROPIC.
It means they have to help poor people
by giving their money.
And he says he and his wife
find this giving to the poor
Fulfilling
in other words,
it makes them happy and satisfied
well, that’s his message
to the very very rich people in the world,
to the one percent
the 1%
well, you want the answer
to my quiz question now, don’t you?
Yes, you asked me
how much of the global wealth
is owned by the richest 1% of the world’s population
and the options I gave you
were 38%, 48% or 58%
and I guess 38%
based on the fact
that I couldn’t imagine
them earning more than